ORIENTATION: Understanding the components for an academic career management intervention programme, to enable the development of the required academic pipeline to achieve the strategic objectives of higher education institutions RESEARCH PURPOSE: A consensus view across subject experts for a career management intervention programme to enable the progression of academic careers MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: While academic career literature captures an array of normative designs of career management programmes to cultivate the required academic talent consortium, literature indicates a lack of a comprehensive and systematic approach for career management to provide a framework for successfully managing academic careers. RESEARCH DESIGN, APPROACH AND METHOD: A modified Delphi technique was employed, by presenting an expert panel with the findings of a broader research project to initiate the consensus-seeking methodology - a systematic approach to obtain concordance on the experts' opinions through two rounds of structured questionnaires. MAIN FINDINGS: The identified components are structured and presented in five main themes (categories), including: (1) institutional, (2) individual, (3) overlapping, (4) cultural and (5) external. The results show a strong agreement among the experts on the first four categories. The fifth (external) offers the lowest level of agreement, reminding that the higher education system is part of a broader contextual system; it should be understood within its operational context and time PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: Offering talent management practitioners and higher education leaders expert observations of the factors to consider while planning and implementing career management intervention programmes to enable academic career progression. CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: A comprehensive and systematic approach for career management, providing a framework for successfully managing academic careers across the various career stages.

Abstract The Cr-rich Jacurici Complex is located at the limit between the Serrinha Block and the Salvador-Curaçá Belt, Northeastern São Francisco Craton. In order to better understand the age span of magmatism and tectonism, we have studied a basement high-grade charnockite orthogneiss, a metanorite of the Complex and a crosscuting undeformed quartz-feldspar pegmatite. For the orthogneiss, SHRIMP U-Pb ages of zircon cores and overgrowth rims yielded, 2966 ± 9 Ma for crystallization and 2091 ± 10 Ma for metamorphism, respectively. Zircons from the metanorite show internal textures consistent with high grade metamorphism. The U-Pb LA-ICP-MS age determination provided a 2099 ± 6 Ma metamorphic age for the Jacurici Complex, indicating it was already emplaced during amalgamation around 2.1 Ga. Zircons from the undeformed quartz-feldspar pegmatite provided a LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age of 2083 ± 11Ma, marking the end of the N-S transcurrence. The magmatic Jacurici Complex age remains undefined, but is equal to, or older than, 2.1 Ga. Therefore, possible correlations with other mafic-ultramafic intrusions, such as the Cu-rich Caraíba Complex, should be reassessed. Our results indicate that the N-S transcurrence ended earlier in the Jacurici Complex region than in the northwestern area of the Salvador-Curaçá belt.

BACKGROUND: Community health workers (CHWs) are change agents expected to assist in decreasing the global burden of disease in the communities they serve. However, they themselves have health risk behaviours, which predispose them to non-communicable diseases and thus need to be empowered to make better health choices. There is a gap in literature detailing the challenges faced by CHWs in addressing their own health risk behavioursAIM: This study aimed to explore the challenges experienced by CHWs in carrying out their daily duties and the motivating factors to join a self-management programmeSETTING: The study was conducted in a low socio-economic urban area of the Western Cape, South AfricaMETHODS: This study used a qualitative exploratory design using in-depth interviews to obtain rich data about the personal and professional challenges that CHWs experience on a daily basisRESULTS: Five themes emerged with regard to professional challenges (social conditions, mental health of patients, work environment, patient adherence and communication). This cadre identified ineffective self-management as a personal challenge and two themes emerged as motivation for participating in a self-management programme: empowerment and widening perspectiveCONCLUSION: The challenges raised by the CHWs have a direct impact on their role in communities. This study therefore highlights an urgent need for policymakers and leaders who plan training programmes to take intentional strategic action to address their health challenges and to consider utilising a self-management intervention model to improve their overall health status

Abstract The Early Cretaceous volcanic Jaguarão Formation formed duringthe early stages of Gondwana breakup. These felsic rocks characteristically enclose numerous crustal xenoliths. Fieldwork, petrographic studies, and laser ablation multicollector ion coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) U-Pb analyses were carried out to evaluate the xenoliths of the Jaguarão Formation. A base-to-top distribution of xenoliths in the different flows of the volcanic pile indicates that earlier flows incorporated centimeter-sized fragments of local underlying gneiss, granite, and quartz veins, with limited assimilation. In the middle part of the volcanic pile, the size of the xenoliths is smaller and assimilation textures are more frequent. At this same level, reequilibrated orthopyroxene and plagioclase antecrysts were recognized, suggesting fractionation coeval with assimilation in a lower magmatic chamber prior to extrusion. At the top, no visible xenoliths occur. U-Pb ages of the zircon xenocrysts served as a proxy for assessing the crust underlying the volcanic rocks. Most of the ages obtained are similar to the ages of the Eastern Dom Feliciano Belt cropping out nearby, ranging from 680 to 620 Ma, with a subordinate group ranging from 580 to 570 Ma, suggesting a shallow crust contribution. The presence of few Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic (1.0-1.2 Ma) zircons, however, suggeststhat the underlying terrain may be more complex..

BACKGROUND: Despite being identified as a solution to the challenges related to healthcare service delivery, the incorporation of interprofessional practice (IPP) into clinical practice has been limited. To implement an interprofessional model of healthcare, successfully, health professionals need to have an understanding of IPP and its related contentAIM: The aim of this study was to explore and describe the health professionals' perceptions, attitudes and understanding of IPP at a selected community health centreSETTING: This study was conducted at a primary healthcare facility in the Western Cape, South AfricaMETHODS: Ethical clearance and permission to conduct the study was obtained from all relevant stakeholders. Four focus group discussions were conducted with health professionals at the facility. Themes, codes and categories were highlighted from the transcripts of the audiotape-recorded dataFINDINGS: The findings suggest that health professionals do not have an understanding of IPP, and are thus unable to apply it practically. The health professionals perceived certain healthcare processes in the facility as barriers to the integration of practices. In addition, the health professionals expressed the need for interprofessional relationships, creation of opportunities for IPP, and communication to transform the current practiceCONCLUSION: To implement IPP into this facility, effectively, the authors of this study recommend that facility management implement campaigns for and training on, the transition to IPP, staff induction programmes and regular meetings

ORIENTATION: The South African higher education system is highly dependent on institutional cultures to enable the progression of academics with the aim to unlock the research potential of the country. Institutional cultures are directed by the values, practices and behaviours of its members. RESEARCH PURPOSE: Establish and present, from the academics' point of view, the values, practices and behaviours that facilitate an enabling institutional culture, which supports the career progression of academic staff. MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY: A comprehensive and deeper understanding of any higher education institutional culture requires analysis beyond the structural elements and established procedures of the institution. An understanding of how individuals interpret their environment, to support their career progression, is equally important. RESEARCH APPROACH/DESIGN AND METHOD: A qualitative, phenomenological approach was followed, through individual, semi-structured interviews with 17 academics, across all career phases. MAIN FINDINGS: An institutional culture in support of academic career progression includes three major values of: equity and inclusion, an ethic of care and collaboration, that are interconnected to practices such as performance management, a career management system, a comprehensive induction and orientation, a collaborative structure, remuneration, as well as resources and support, together with behaviours, comprising the articulation of team values, alignment of individual and institutional values, as well as a systemic approach. PRACTICAL/MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS: Understanding the values, practices and behaviours within the context of higher education offers leaders and talent management practitioners the necessary factors to consider as they grapple to understand a culture that enables the career progression of academic staff. CONTRIBUTION/VALUE-ADD: Deeper understanding, from the academics' point of view, the values, practices and behaviours that facilitate an enabling institutional culture, which supports the career progression of academic staff.

Resumen El Batolito de Acandí es un cuerpo intrusivo con amplias variaciones composicionales (González y Londoño, 2002) que data del Oligoceno (Restrepo y Toussaint, 1976), a su vez intruído por cuerpos subvolcánicos de andesitas, dacitas, y diques de basaltos. Debido a la diferencia composicional de este cuerpo en la cordillera Occidental, se realiza la integración e interpretación de datos del análisis petrográfico, geoquímico e isotópico de muestras recolectadas en la parte norte del Golfo de Urabá entre los municipios de Acandí y Unguía en el departamento de Chocó. En esta zona, las rocas del Batolito son gabros: rocas melanocráticas, masivas, equigranulares de grano fino a medio, subhedrales, de textura fanerítica; y las de los cuerpos subvolcánicos y diques son: rocas leucocráticas, masivas, inequigranulares, de grano fino a medio, subhedrales, con textura porfirítica y rocas melanocráticas afaníticas (basaltos). Petrografía detallada muestra que las rocas del Batolito son compuestas por plagioclasa, piroxenos y anfíboles, como accesorios pirita diseminada, apatita, magnetita e ilmenita. Son rocas holocristalinas, melanocráticas, inequigranulares, subhedrales, de fino a groso granulares, con presencia de texturas ofíticas y subofíticas, con coronas de reacción y zonación en plagioclasas. Las rocas subvólcanicas que intruyen el batólito son basaltos afaníticos, dacitas y andesitas con texturas porfiríticas, con plagioclasa y hornblenda como minerales principales. Son inequigranulares, de tamaño muy fino a grueso, con texturas cúmulo-porfiríticas, vesiculares y amigdulares. Los análisis geoquímicos e isotópicos indican que tanto las rocas del batolito como las de los cuerpos que lo intruyen, son de afinidad subalcalina de la serie calco-alcalina de bajo a medio K, metaluminosas, con enriquecimiento en elementos de tierras raras leves en relación a las tierras raras pesadas. Los datos geoquímicos e isotópicos de Nd y Sr sugieren que estas rocas se forman a partir de procesos en arcos de islas, asociados a zonas de subducción, siendo posteriormente acrecionadas al margen continental.

Abstract The Acandi’s batholith is a large intrusive body with a wide compositional variation (Gonzalez and Londoño, 2002) dating from the Oligocene (Restrepo and Toussaint, 1976), and intruded by subvolcanic andesites and dacites bodies and basalt dikes. Due to the compositional difference of this body in the Western Cordillera, it is performed integration and interpretation of new petrographic, geochemical and isotopic data from samples collected in the northern Gulf of Urabá between the towns of Acandí and Unguía it is done in Choco department. For this area, batholith rocks are gabbros: melanocratic rocks, massive, equigranular fine to medium grained, subhedral, phaneritic texture; and the subvolcanic bodies and dikes are: leucocratic, massive and inequigranular rocks, fine to medium grained, subhedral, with sporphyritic texture and aphanitic melanocratic rocks (basalts). Detailed petrography shows that the rocks from the Batolith are constituted by plagioclase, pyroxene and amphibole, with disseminated pyrite, apatite, magnetite and ilmenite as accessory phases. The batholith rocks are holocrystalline, melanocratic, inequigranular, subhedral, from fine to granular roughly, with the presence of ophitic and subophitic textures, with reaction rings (coronas) and zoning in plagioclase. The intrusive subvolcanic rocks that crosscut the Batholith are afanitic basalts, dacites, and andesites with porphiritic textures, having plagioclase and hornblende as main minerals. They are inequigranular, very fine to coarse grained, with glomeroporphyritic texture and also vesicular and amygdular textures. Geochemical and isotopic analyses indicate that both batholiths and intrusive rocks are sub-alkaline from the calc-alkaline series of low to medium K, metaluminous with light rare earth elements enrichment in relation to the heavy rare earth elements. The geochemical and Nd and Sr isotopic data suggest that these rocks are formed in island arcs, associated with subduction zones, being later added to a continental margin.

En este trabajo se presenta la descripción petrográfica de secciones de núcleos (YAR-06, YAR-017 y YAR- 019) pertenecientes al Sistema Porfirítico Yarumalito, con el objeto de identificar la litología y alteraciones hidrotermales asociadas con mineralizaciones de oro en este sistema, propiedad de Colombian Mines Corporatión, este proyecto se localiza a 4,3Km al sur del municipio de Valparaíso, Antioquia. La descripción de estas secciones se realiza mediante el análisis macroscópico de núcleos de perforación, petrografía y microscopia electrónica (SEM); petrográficamente los cuerpos hipoabisales corresponden a andesitas y dacítas con alteraciones potásica, propilítica, cuarzo-sericita y sericítica; estás alteraciones tienen distribución en halos de vetillas o al interior de estas y menormente se presenta con una distribución penetrativa. En las secciones analizadas, el pulso inicial corresponde pórfidos de composición andesítica, con alteraciones potásica, cuarzo-sericitica y propilítica, este pulso es seguido por pórfidos dacíticos que presenta las mismas alteraciones pero con una intensidad mayor y finalmente estos cuerpos hipoabisales son cortados por pequeños diques dacíticos cuya alteración principal es sericitica. La mineralogía de los pórfidos aporta datos sobre las etapas evolutivas del sistema, así por ejemplo se observa como el pulso inicial es más básico y progresivamente va pasando a composiciones moderadamente más félsicas; de igual manera ocurre con las texturas de estos cuerpos, que sugieren niveles de profundidad relativamente diferentes para los pulsos identificados; por otra parte las texturas secundarias y las alteraciones presentes indican una prominente interacción con fluidos de origen magmático-hidrotermal.

This paper describes petrographically sections of drill core (YAR-06, YAR-017 and YAR-019) belonging to the Yarumalite Porphyritic System, in order to identify the lithology and hydrothermal alterations associated with gold mineralization in this system, owned of Colombian Mines Corporation, this project is located 4,3 Km south of the municipality of Valparaiso, Antioquia. The description of these sections bodies is made by the macroscopic analysis of drilling cores, optical petrography and electron microscopy (SEM); petrographically the hypoabisal bodies correspond to andesites and dacites with potassic, propylitic, quartz-sericite and serictic alterations; these alterations have distribution in halos of veins or to the interior of these and less occurs with a distribution pervasive in the rock. In the analyzed sections, the initial pulse corresponds to andesitic porphyries, with potassic, quartzsericitic and propylitic alterations, this pulse is followed by dacitic porphyries that presents the same alterations but with a greater intensity and finally these hypoabisal bodies are cut by small dacitic dykes whose main alteration is sericitic. The mineralogy of the porphyries provides data on the evolutionary stages of the system, for example it is observed as the initial pulse is more basic and progressively goes to compositions moderately more felsic; similarly to the textures of these bodies, which suggest relatively different levels of depth for the identified pulses; on the other hand the secondary textures and hydrothermal alterations presents, suggest a prominent interaction with fluids of magmatic-hydrothermal origin.

There is a dearth of literature on the postnatal quality of life (QoL) of women. This study aimed to determine to QoL of HIV-infected and non-infected women post-caesarean section delivery. This prospective, longitudinal and comparative study was conducted at four public hospitals in KwaZulu-Natal. The participants were followed for six-months post-delivery and the QoL was measured using the SF-36 and the pelvic floor impact questionnaire (PFIQ-7). The results showed that the QoL of women were negatively affected post-operatively with the HIV-infected group scoring lower over the six-months. Understanding postpartum QoL problems is essential in efforts to provide effective comprehensive care.

Durante el Mesoproterozoico varios granitos rapakivi intruyeron el basamento cristalino en el oriente colombiano aflorando en varios sitios como en las comunidades indígenas de Danta y Matraca, en la cuenca media del río Inírida en el departamento de Guainía, donde están cubiertos con rocas sedimentarias del Terciario y depósitos cuaternarios. Análisis petrográficos y geoquímicos revelan que se trata de un cuerpo porfirítico, holocristalino, leucocrático, grosogranular y de composición monzonítica a granodiorítica con textura rapakivi tipo piterlita, indicando afinidad anorogénica. Hemos designado informalmente este cuerpo plutónico como granito rapakivi de Matraca e inicialmente fue asociado con el gran Evento Parguenze descrito en Venezuela (método convencional U/Pb en circones, 1.550 Ma). Sin embargo, las recientes dataciones U/Pb en circones con LA-ICP-MS establecen una edad concordante de 1.343 ± 8 Ma para su cristalización que marca un magmatismo de 100-200 Ma más joven, pero que a su vez representa mayor concordancia con las recientes edades mediante el mismo método para el Granito de Parguaza en Colombia de 1.390-1.400 Ma, lo cual nos permite suponer intrusiones episódicas de granitos tipo "A" emplazados entre 1.300-1.400 Ma y parcialmente enriquecidos en mineralizaciones de Nb, Ta, REE y Sn.

In eastern Colombia, the crystalline basement is intruded by several anorogenic granites of Mesoproterozoic age. One of these anorogenic granitic intrusions outcrops in the area of the indigenous Matraca and Danta communities, at the middle Inirida River Basin, and is mostly covered by Tertiary sedimentary rocks and Quaternary deposits. Petrographic and geochemical analyses reveal them as holocrystalline, leucocratic, and coarse-grained monzonite to granodiorite with Pyterlite-type rapakivi texture indicating anorogenic affinity. We named this plutonic body informally as Matraca rapakivi granite, which was initially correlated with the Parguazan Event (conventional method in zircons, 1550 Ma) described in Venezuela. However, LA-ICP-MS U/Pb zircon dating yields a concordant zircon enclosure age of 1343 ± 8 Ma for the magma crystallization, in other words a 100-200 Ma younger magmatism, but also shows a coincidence with our ages of the Parguaza Granite in Colombia (LA-ICP-MS U/Pb zircon, 1390-1400 Ma). These ages suggest episodic intrusions of A-type granites between 1300-1400 Ma, associated with Nb, Ta, REE and Sn mineralizations.

RESUMO O Complexo Jacurici, NE do Cráton do São Francisco, é constituído de vários corpos máficos-ultramáficos N-S mineralizados a Cr, possivelmente fragmentos de um único sill rompido durante deformação. Alguns trabalhos sugerem que está intruso no Bloco Serrinha, enquanto outros o inserem no Cinturão Salvador-Curaçá. O embasamento nessa região é dividido informalmente em paragnaisses e ortognaisses, o último supostamente mais jovem, considerando-se estar menos deformado. Petrografia revelou que alguns dos paragnaisses são álcali-feldspato granitos fortemente milonitizados. Os ortognaisses ocorrem no norte e consistem, ao menos em parte, de monzogranitos com deformação heterogênea, localmente de baixa temperatura. Datações U-Pb em zircão foram realizadas para cinco amostras representativas. Apenas três resultaram em boas idades concórdias. Uma rocha máfica produziu idade de 2102 ± 5 Ma e é petrograficamente similar aos metanoritos do Complexo Jacurici, sendo interpretada como registro dos primeiros pulsos do magmatismo máfico. Um monzogranito gerou idade de 2995 ± 15 Ma, sendo mais antigo do que o esperado, relacionado ao Bloco Serrinha. Álcali-feldspato granito produziu idade de 2081 ± 3 Ma. O Sienito Itiúba e os pegmatitos que cortam o Complexo Jacurici têm idades semelhantes. Considerando a falta de informações sobre a sequência supracrustal que hospeda as rochas alcalinas e máficas-ultramáficas intrusivas nas áreas de Ipueira e Medrado, é possível que parte do terreno pertença ao Cinturão Salvador-Curaçá. Sugerimos que o Complexo Jacurici possa ter sido intrudido após a colagem tectônica entre o Bloco Serrinha e a parte mais antiga do Cinturão Salvador-Curaçá e, portanto, poderia ser hospedado por ambos.

ABSTRACT The Jacurici Complex, located in the NE of the São Francisco Craton, is constituted by several Cr-mineralized mafic-ultramafic N-S bodies, possible fragments of a single sill disrupted during deformation. Some works suggest it is intruded on the Serrinha Block while others consider it in the Salvador-Curaçá Belt. The basement on this region is informally divided into paragneisses and orthogneisses; the latter is supposed to be younger considering it is less deformed. Petrography revealed that some of the paragneisses are alkali-feldspar granite strongly milonitized. The orthogneisses occur at the north and consist, at least in part, of monzogranites with heterogeneous deformation, locally of low temperature. U-Pb zircon dating were performed for five representative samples. Just three provided good concordia ages. A mafic rock produced a 2102 ± 5 Ma age and it is petrographically similar to the metanorites described in the Jacurici Complex, being interpreted as the record of the first pulses of the mafic magmatism. A monzogranite yielded a 2995 ± 15 Ma age, older than expected, related to the Serrinha Block. The alkalifeldspargranite yielded a 2081 ± 3 Ma age. The Itiúba Syenite and the pegmatites that crosscut the JacuriciComplex have similar ages. Considering the lack of information about the supracrustal sequence that hosts the intrusive alkaline and mafic-ultramafic rocks at the Ipueira and the Medrado areas, it is possible that part of the terrain belongs to the Salvador-Curaçá Belt. We suggest that the Jacurici Complex could be intruded after the tectonic amalgamation between the Serrinha Block and the older part of the Salvador-Curaçá Belt and, therefore, could be hosted by both terrains.

O Complexo Máfico-ultramáfico Jacurici, localizado na porção nordeste do Cráton São Francisco, é formado por diversas intrusões estratificadas orientadas N-S e hospeda o maior depósito de cromita do Brasil. O corpo Várzea do Macaco ocorre na parte norte e também hospeda uma mineralização de Cu-Ni sulfetada. Este estudo descreve esse corpo e as mineralizações, e os compara com intrusões mais ao sul (Ipueira-Medrado), onde uma evolução petrológica já foi estabelecida previamente. O corpo Várzea do Macaco está invertido estratigraficamente e desmembrado em cinco blocos, deslocados lateralmente por falhas. É constituído por dunito, lherzolito, ol-websterito, cromitito e gabronorito com intensidades variáveis de serpentinização. O minério sulfetado (Po ± Pn ± Cpy) está concentrado nas proximidades da espessa camada de cromitito e ocorre como: primário magmático com sulfetos intersticiais associados à olivina e ao piroxênio; e mineralização remobilizada, com sulfetos associados a veios e lentes metassomatizadas que interceptam a estratificação primária. O intervalo onde a mineralização magmática ocorre é caracterizado pela presença de anfibólio magmático que possivelmente favoreceu as transformações metamórficas e metassomáticas, mais intensas nesse intervalo. Nos sulfetos remobilizados, a calcopirita é mais abundante, evidenciando um aumento na razão Cu/Ni. O corpo Várzea do Macaco pode ser subdividido em uma Zona Ultramáfica e uma Zona Máfica, as mesmas propostas para Ipueira-Medrado. Comparativamente, o corpo Várzea do Macaco é enriquecido em clinopiroxênio. Possivelmente ambos os corpos pertencemao mesmo sistema intrusivo, caracterizado por magma primitivo rico em Mg e Ni. Contaminação crustal é considerada como gatilho para a formação da mineralização de cromita. Em Várzea do Macaco se atingiu a saturação de enxofre.

The Jacurici Mafic-ultramafic Complex, located in the northeastern portion of the São Francisco craton, consists of several N-S oriented layered bodies that host the largest chromite deposit in Brazil. The Várzea do Macaco body is at the northern part and also host a Ni-Cu sulfide mineralization. This study describes this body and its mineralization and compare with the southern intrusions (Ipueira-Medrado) where a petrological evolution was previous established. The Várzea do Macaco is stratigraphically inverted and disrupted in five blocks, laterally dislocated by late faults. It is constituted by dunite, lherzolite, ol-webesterite, chromitite and gabbronorite with variable serpentinization. The sulfide ore (Po ± Pn ± Cpy) is concentrated close to the main thick chromitite layer and occurs as: primary magmatic with interstitial sulfides associated with olivine and pyroxene; and as a remobilized ore, with sulfides associated to metasomatic veinlets or lenses that crosscut the primary layering. The interval where magmatic ores occur is characterized by the presence of magmatic amphibole that possible favoured late metamorphism and metasomatism transformation, stronger in this interval. The remobilized sulfide is enriched in chalcopyrite showing an increase in the Cu/Ni ratio. Comparing to Ipueira-Medrado, the Várzea do Macaco is enriched in clinopyroxene, but it can be subdivided in the same Ultramafic and Mafic zones. Possibly, both bodies are part of a single intrusive system characterized by a primitive magma with high Mg and Ni contents. The chromite mineralization is considered to be triggered by crustal contamination. At Várzea do Macaco, sulfur saturation was reached.

El Granito de Parguaza aflora en el departamento de Vichada-(Colombia), hacia la margen del río Orinoco y es parte del gran batolito descrito en Venezuela como Granito del Parguaza. Este cuerpo en Colombia aflora como cerros aislados tipo inselberg y serranías de poca extensión con pendientes abruptas que sobresalen entre las extensas llanuras terciarias. Representa uno de los granitos anorogénicos aflorantes más grandes del mundo y puede ser distinguido como una de las unidades colombianas más antiguas (Mesoproterozoico) que no han sufrido deformación. Se caracteriza por presentar textura rapakivi tipo wiborgita y piterlita, su composición es granítica a granítica de feldespato alcalino. Además de las variaciones composicionales y texturales, se encuentran zonas de grano fino, diques pegmatíticos, aplíticos y venas de cuarzo. Geoquímicamente se clasifica como un granito tipo A, metaluminoso a peralcalino, formado en ambiente post-colisional a anorogénico. Nuevas mediciones de U/Pb con LA-ICP-MS en circones indican nuevas edades concordantes de 1.392 ± 5 Ma y 1.402 ± 2 Ma para las partes más distales, respectivamente, mucho más jóvenes que edades propuestas anteriormente en territorio venezolano 1.545 Ma, lo cual puede ser interpretado como un intrusivo más complejo o como procesos de cristalización muy lentos de núcleo a borde. Por otro lado, estas edades son correlacionadas con granitos anorogénicos similares en el W del Cratón Amazónico en Brasil y con otros afloramientos rapakivi estudiados en el departamento de Guainía al SE de Colombia.

The Parguaza Granite outcrops in the Vichada department of Colombia, towards the Orinoco River margin, where it conforms a portion of the large batholith described in Venezuela as Granito de El Parguaza. This intrusion outcrops in Colombia as isolated inselberg hills and moderately extended mountain chains with abrupt slopes that protrude through Tertiary plains. It represents one of largest anorogenic granites worldwide and is one of the oldest colombian units (Mesoproterozoic) without tectonic deformation. The granite exhibits both typical Wiborgite and Pyterlite rapakivi texture, with a monzogranitic to alkali feldspar granitic composition. Among the compositional and textural variations, we find fine-grain zones, pegmatitic and aplitic dikes as well as quartz veins. Geochemically, it conforms a metaluminous to peralkaline A-type granite, intruded under post-collisional to rifting anorogenic conditions. New U/Pb measurements with LA-ICP-MS in zircons show hither to unknown concordant ages of 1392 ± 5 My to 1402 ± 2 My, respectively in the more distal zones; much younger than 1545 My ages reported in Venezuela, which may be explained or by a more complex intrusion and crystallization history or by a very slow crystallization process from the core to the edge; on the other hand, these ages are in concordance to similar anorogenic granites from the W Amazonian Craton in Brazil and with other rapakivi outcrops studied in the Guainía Department in the south-east of Colombia.

Com auxílio dos pacotes de programas EQ3/EQ6 foi realizado um modelamento geoquímico deposicional para ouro e comparado com dados geológicos, petrográficos, geoquímicos e de inclusões fluidas da mina de ouro do Bloco do Butiá, Lavras do Sul/RS. O ouro ocorre naestrutura da pirita (ouro invisível) associado a mica branca (fengita) na alteração fílica. Foi demonstradoque os processos que levam à deposição do ouro são aqueles relacionados ao decréscimo da temperatura e ao abaixamento do pH. O pH também mostrou ser fundamental para a deposição do ouro com as espécies de enxofre [Au(HS)2- , HAu(HS)2(0) e Au(HS)0], em razão de potencializar sua desestabilização, sendo Au(HS)0 a principal espécie complexante. A entrada de KCl é de difícil aceitação como causa da precipitação do ouro visto que não foi identificado Cl- na fengita, apesar de que em todos os cálculos de balanço geoquímico de massa sempre foi necessário admitir a entrada de um pouco de potássio na alteração fílica. A precipitação da pirita (± aurífera) deve ter sido fortemente influenciada pela disponibilidade de ferro de clorita ferrosa, quando da sua dissolução pelos fluidos que depositaram fengita. As baixas salinidades verificadas nas inclusões fluidas dos grãos de quartzo da encaixante propilitizada também advogam para a pouca importância do cloro como agente transportador de ouro. Compostos de enxofre e não de cloro devem ter dominado como complexos transportadores de ouro na área do Bloco do Butiá.

A geochemical modeling of gold deposition was performed using the EQ3/EQ6 software package using conditions inferred from geological, petrographic, geochemical and fluid inclusion data from the Bloco do Butiá gold mine, Lavras do Sul, RS. Gold in the mine occurs only in the pyrite structure (invisible gold). The pyrite occurs associated with white mica (phengite) in the zone of phyllic alteration. The process of gold deposition showed to be related to temperature and pH decrease. The pH decrease was fundamental to gold deposition by destabilization of sulfur species [Au(HS)2- , HAu(HS)2(0) and Au(HS)0] dissolved in the aqueous solution, being Au(HS)0 the main gold transporting complex. The addition of KCl is hard to accept as cause of gold precipitation because no Cl- was detected in phengite. However, the geochemical mass balance calculation resulted in the gain of some potassium in the zone of phyllic alteration. The precipitation of pyrite (± auriferous) may have been strongly influenced by iron availability resulting from dissolution of ferrous chlorites by the fluids responsible for phengite deposition. The low salinity in quartz grain fluid inclusions from the propylitized wall rock also indicates the little importance of chlorine as gold transporting agent. Sulfur, and not chlorine, compounds must have dominated the gold transporting complexes in the Bloco do Butiá gold area.